Exploring the Role of Microbiome Alterations in the Pathogenesis of Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multidisciplinary Approach

Research Article

Abstract

Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a complex, chronic inflammatory disease with intertwined dermatological and rheumatological manifestations, profoundly affecting patients’ quality of life. Recent advances have highlighted the potential role of microbiome alterations, both in the gut and skin, in the pathogenesis of PsA. This review synthesizes current research on the microbiome’s involvement in PsA, emphasizing the interplay between microbial dysbiosis and immune system modulation. Emerging evidence suggests that shifts in the composition and function of the gut and skin microbiota can trigger or exacerbate PsA by promoting systemic inflammation and autoimmune responses. Studies have identified specific microbial taxa associated with PsA, revealing potential biomarkers for early diagnosis and therapeutic targets. However, the precise mechanisms through which microbiome alterations influence PsA pathophysiology remain incompletely understood. Future research should focus on longitudinal studies to further understand the causal relationships between microbiome changes and PsA onset and progression. Integrating varying approaches, including metagenomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, will provide a comprehensive understanding of microbial functions and host-microbiome interactions. Additionally, investigating the effects of microbiome-modulating interventions, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and dietary modifications, could guide innovative therapeutic strategies. This multidisciplinary approach, combining dermatological and rheumatological insights, holds promise for unraveling the complexities of PsA and improving patient outcomes through personalized medicine. By advancing our knowledge of