Assessment of Knowledge and Utilization of Modern Methods of Family Planning among Women of Reproductive Age Attending PHCC in Bauchi State, Nigeria

Research Article

Abstract

Background: Family planning plays a crucial role in improving maternal and child health by preventing unintended pregnancies and ensuring adequate birth spacing. Despite high awareness levels, utilization of modern contraceptive methods remains low in northern Nigeria, including Bauchi State.
Aim: This study assessed the knowledge and utilization of modern methods of family planning among women of reproductive age attending Tashan Babiye Primary Health Care Centre, Bauchi State, Nigeria.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional research design was adopted. A sample size of 232 women was selected using systematic random sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interviewer-administered questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages). Of the 232 questionnaires distributed, 220 were correctly completed and retrieved, giving a response rate of 94.8%.
Results: The findings revealed that 77.3% of respondents had good knowledge of modern methods of family planning. The majority (86.8%) had heard of modern family planning, with health workers (46.4%) serving as the major source of information. Implants (38.2%) and injectable (37.3%) were the best-known methods. Furthermore, 65.0% of respondents were currently utilizing modern methods of family planning. Injectable contraceptives (27.7%) and implants (26.4%) were the most commonly used methods. Fear of side effects (37.3%), partner disapproval (23.2%), and religious beliefs (16.8%) were identified as the major barriers to utilization. Additionally, 85.0% of respondents believed that modern family planning is beneficial, while lack of partner support (27.7%) was the most frequently reported challenge in accessing family planning services.
Conclusion: Women attending Tashan Babiye Primary Health Care Centre generally had good knowledge and a relatively high level of utilization of modern family planning methods. However, misconceptions about side effects, partner influence, religious beliefs, and access-related challenges continued to limit utilization. The study recommends strengthening health education, increasing male involvement in family planning programs, and improving access to affordable and quality family planning services to enhance utilization among women of reproductive age.